Global Advanced Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology

Gobal Advanced Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology (GARJEST) ISSN: 2315-5140
September 2013 Vol. 2(7), pp. 174-182
Copyright © 2013 Global Advanced Research Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative evaluation of lead, cadmium, nitrates, total iron and their derivatives, in drinking water in the lacustrine township of Sô-Ava between 2009 and 2012

Kinsiclounon Gilles E1,3,4, Edorh Patrick A2,3, Guedenon Patient3*, Senou Masimin4, Deguenon Yvette3, Akpovi Casimir4, Kaki Christophe5 Loko Frederic4, Boko Michel3, Gbeassor Messanvi6, Creppy Edmond E7

1Health and Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box: 974, Abomey-Calavi
2Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01BP 526,
3Interfaculty Centre of Training and Research in Environment for Sustainable Development (CIFRED), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 03 BP 1463, Jéricho,
4Laboratory of Applied Research in Biology (LARBA), Genie Environment Department of Polytechnic, University (EPAC), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) 01BP 526 Cotonou, Benin Republic
5Sciences of Earth Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01BP 526 Cotonou, Benin.
6Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé (UL), Togo P. O. Box: 1515 Lomé, Togo
7Laboratory of Toxicology and Applied Hygiene/UFR of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 146, Road LeoSaignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France

*Corresponding Author E-mail: kinsgil69@yahoo.fr

Accepted 08 September, 2013

Abstract

Water is source of life. It becomes source of death when it contains substances which are poisonous to the organism. It is in this setting that in 2009 some studies had been conducted at Sô-Ava in Benin, in order to evaluate the level of contamination of the drinking water. These studies had shown that water is contaminated by organic matters, by chemical matters and by poisonous metals such as the nitrites and their derivatives, the total iron, the lead and the cadmium. The current study has the objective of examining the sense of the evolution of these parameters over a period of 4 years. The thirty (30) samples of water analysed in 2009 have been taken all over again in 2012, as well during the season of rains as during the dry season. They have been submitted to the different analyses in laboratory as they were in 2009. The results clearly show that the concentrations of these substances in the drinking water are not bettered as such. Over the two periods, the concentration in the nitrates increased, but this increase is not significant enough (F=1.18 p=0.2876). The concentration in nitrites knew a globally significant increase between those two periods (F =7.58 p=0.0108). As for the total iron, the concentration didn't vary globally from one period to the other (F=0.21 p=0.6517) but it stayed superior to the norm of the WHO. The average concentration in ammonium increased appreciably from one period to the other (F = 9, 41 p=0, 0051). Concerning the lead, its concentration stayed constant throughout the time (F=0.85 p=0.3662) but it remained superior to the norm. The average concentration in cadmium knew a significant growth throughout the time reaching up to threshold of 10% (F=3.79 p = 0.0630). It comes out of these studies that, in the township of Sô-Ava, the populations are exposed to the xenobiotics; which situation would surely have some impact on the health of the populations. With such a reality, it is important that new policies of purification of the environment should be clearly defined by the authorities at all level with effective involvement of the populations themselves in order to evaluate the impacts of those substances on people’s organism.

Keywords: Sô-Ava, drinking water, nitrates and derivative, lead, cadmium.

 


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